Turkestani and Uygur Transcriptions

Roman Alphabet

The languages of Turkestan and Uyguristan are written in a script known as Soğdo in Turkestan and Uygur in Uyguristan. However, when writing in the Roman alphabet, a standard transliteration scheme resembling *here's Atatürk alphabet is preferred by the govenments of the two nations.

The consonants /p/ /b/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /q/ /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /x/ /h/ /l/ /r/ are all written with the expected Roman letters. The sounds /∫/, its voiced equivalent, /ŋ/, /ɣ/, /j/ and the Turcoman phoneme /θ/ are written with ş, j, ņ, ğ, y and ţ respectively. C and ç are used to represent the /ts/ of Russian loan-words and /t∫/.

The vowel inventory is also more complex than the Latin alphabet allows for without digraphs or diacritics. /a/ /e/ /i/ /o/ and /u/ are all written with the standard Roman characters. The additional sounds /æ/, /ɯ/, /œ/ and /y/ are represented by ä, ı, ö and ü respectively.

Phonemic length in the Kırğız language is represented by doubling for the long vowels.

Cyrillic Alphabet

For writing Turkic languages in Cyrillic, Turkestan has a standard transliteration scheme which makes use of several obsolete Russian letters such as Koppa (Ҁ), Yat (Ѣ) and Izhitsa (Ѵ) in new roles. The new letter Ў ў is used for the rare /w/ sound at the beginning of some words. Uyguristan prefers the new characters Ҳ ҳ for /q/ and Ӱ ӱ for /y/, and does not use the characters representing /θ/, /w/ or /ɣ/ at all.

Cyrillic letter (caps):	A	Б	В	Г	Ғ	Д	Е	Ж	З	И	I	К	Л	М	Н	Ҥ	О	П	Ҁ	Р	С	Т	У	Ў	Ү	Ф	Х	Ѡ	Ц	Ч	Һ	Ш	Ѣ	Ѳ	Ѵ	Ю	Я
Cyrillic letter (lowercase):	a	б	в	г	ғ	д	е	ж	з	и	i	к	л	м	н	ҥ	о	п	ҁ	р	с	т	у	ў	ү	ф	х	ѡ	ц	ч	һ	ш	ѣ	ѳ	ѵ	ю	я
Latin transliteration (caps):	A	B	V	G	Ğ	D	E	J	Z	Y	İ	K	L	M	N	Ņ	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	U	Ü	F	X	Ö	C	Ç	H	Ş	Ä	Ţ	I	YU	YA
Typical sound value:	a	b	v	g	ɣ	d	e	ʒ	z	j	i	k	l	m	n	ŋ	o	p	q	r	s	t	u	w	y	f	x	œ	ts	tʃ	h	ʃ	æ	θ	ɯ	ju	ja